qmk_firmware/drivers/oled/oled_driver.c

/*
Copyright 2019 Ryan Caltabiano <https://github.com/XScorpion2>

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "i2c_master.h"
#include "oled_driver.h"
#include OLED_FONT_H
#include "timer.h"
#include "print.h"

#include <string.h>

#if defined(__AVR__)
#    include <avr/io.h>
#    include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#elif defined(ESP8266)
#    include <pgmspace.h>
#else  // defined(ESP8266)
#    define PROGMEM
#    define memcpy_P(des, src, len) memcpy(des, src, len)
#endif  // defined(__AVR__)

// Used commands from spec sheet: https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/SSD1306.pdf
// for SH1106: https://www.velleman.eu/downloads/29/infosheets/sh1106_datasheet.pdf

// Fundamental Commands
#define CONTRAST 0x81
#define DISPLAY_ALL_ON 0xA5
#define DISPLAY_ALL_ON_RESUME 0xA4
#define NORMAL_DISPLAY 0xA6
#define DISPLAY_ON 0xAF
#define DISPLAY_OFF 0xAE
#define NOP 0xE3

// Scrolling Commands
#define ACTIVATE_SCROLL 0x2F
#define DEACTIVATE_SCROLL 0x2E
#define SCROLL_RIGHT 0x26
#define SCROLL_LEFT 0x27
#define SCROLL_RIGHT_UP 0x29
#define SCROLL_LEFT_UP 0x2A

// Addressing Setting Commands
#define MEMORY_MODE 0x20
#define COLUMN_ADDR 0x21
#define PAGE_ADDR 0x22
#define PAM_SETCOLUMN_LSB 0x00
#define PAM_SETCOLUMN_MSB 0x10
#define PAM_PAGE_ADDR 0xB0  // 0xb0 -- 0xb7

// Hardware Configuration Commands
#define DISPLAY_START_LINE 0x40
#define SEGMENT_REMAP 0xA0
#define SEGMENT_REMAP_INV 0xA1
#define MULTIPLEX_RATIO 0xA8
#define COM_SCAN_INC 0xC0
#define COM_SCAN_DEC 0xC8
#define DISPLAY_OFFSET 0xD3
#define COM_PINS 0xDA
#define COM_PINS_SEQ 0x02
#define COM_PINS_ALT 0x12
#define COM_PINS_SEQ_LR 0x22
#define COM_PINS_ALT_LR 0x32

// Timing & Driving Commands
#define DISPLAY_CLOCK 0xD5
#define PRE_CHARGE_PERIOD 0xD9
#define VCOM_DETECT 0xDB

// Charge Pump Commands
#define CHARGE_PUMP 0x8D

// Misc defines
#define OLED_BLOCK_COUNT (sizeof(OLED_BLOCK_TYPE) * 8)
#define OLED_BLOCK_SIZE (OLED_MATRIX_SIZE / OLED_BLOCK_COUNT)

// i2c defines
#define I2C_CMD 0x00
#define I2C_DATA 0x40
#if defined(__AVR__)
// already defined on ARM
#    define I2C_TIMEOUT 100
#    define I2C_TRANSMIT_P(data) i2c_transmit_P((OLED_DISPLAY_ADDRESS << 1), &data[0], sizeof(data), I2C_TIMEOUT)
#else  // defined(__AVR__)
#    define I2C_TRANSMIT_P(data) i2c_transmit((OLED_DISPLAY_ADDRESS << 1), &data[0], sizeof(data), I2C_TIMEOUT)
#endif  // defined(__AVR__)
#define I2C_TRANSMIT(data) i2c_transmit((OLED_DISPLAY_ADDRESS << 1), &data[0], sizeof(data), I2C_TIMEOUT)
#define I2C_WRITE_REG(mode, data, size) i2c_writeReg((OLED_DISPLAY_ADDRESS << 1), mode, data, size, I2C_TIMEOUT)

#define HAS_FLAGS(bits, flags) ((bits & flags) == flags)

// Display buffer's is the same as the OLED memory layout
// this is so we don't end up with rounding errors with
// parts of the display unusable or don't get cleared correctly
// and also allows for drawing & inverting
uint8_t         oled_buffer[OLED_MATRIX_SIZE];
uint8_t *       oled_cursor;
OLED_BLOCK_TYPE oled_dirty          = 0;
bool            oled_initialized    = false;
bool            oled_active         = false;
bool            oled_scrolling      = false;
uint8_t         oled_rotation       = 0;
uint8_t         oled_rotation_width = 0;
#if OLED_TIMEOUT > 0
uint32_t oled_timeout;
#endif
#if OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT > 0
uint32_t oled_scroll_timeout;
#endif

// Internal variables to reduce math instructions

#if defined(__AVR__)
// identical to i2c_transmit, but for PROGMEM since all initialization is in PROGMEM arrays currently
// probably should move this into i2c_master...
static i2c_status_t i2c_transmit_P(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t length, uint16_t timeout) {
    i2c_status_t status = i2c_start(address | I2C_WRITE, timeout);

    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < length && status >= 0; i++) {
        status = i2c_write(pgm_read_byte((const char *)data++), timeout);
        if (status) break;
    }

    i2c_stop();

    return status;
}
#endif

// Flips the rendering bits for a character at the current cursor position
static void InvertCharacter(uint8_t *cursor) {
    const uint8_t *end = cursor + OLED_FONT_WIDTH;
    while (cursor < end) {
        *cursor = ~(*cursor);
        cursor++;
    }
}

bool oled_init(uint8_t rotation) {
    oled_rotation = oled_init_user(rotation);
    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_90)) {
        oled_rotation_width = OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH;
    } else {
        oled_rotation_width = OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
    }
    i2c_init();

    static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_setup1[] = {
        I2C_CMD,
        DISPLAY_OFF,
        DISPLAY_CLOCK,
        0x80,
        MULTIPLEX_RATIO,
        OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1,
        DISPLAY_OFFSET,
        0x00,
        DISPLAY_START_LINE | 0x00,
        CHARGE_PUMP,
        0x14,
#if (OLED_IC != OLED_IC_SH1106)
        // MEMORY_MODE is unsupported on SH1106 (Page Addressing only)
        MEMORY_MODE,
        0x00,  // Horizontal addressing mode
#endif
    };
    if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_setup1) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        print("oled_init cmd set 1 failed\n");
        return false;
    }

    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_180)) {
        static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_normal[] = {I2C_CMD, SEGMENT_REMAP_INV, COM_SCAN_DEC};
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_normal) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_init cmd normal rotation failed\n");
            return false;
        }
    } else {
        static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_flipped[] = {I2C_CMD, SEGMENT_REMAP, COM_SCAN_INC};
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_flipped) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("display_flipped failed\n");
            return false;
        }
    }

    static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_setup2[] = {I2C_CMD, COM_PINS, OLED_COM_PINS, CONTRAST, 0x8F, PRE_CHARGE_PERIOD, 0xF1, VCOM_DETECT, 0x40, DISPLAY_ALL_ON_RESUME, NORMAL_DISPLAY, DEACTIVATE_SCROLL, DISPLAY_ON};
    if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_setup2) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        print("display_setup2 failed\n");
        return false;
    }

#if OLED_TIMEOUT > 0
    oled_timeout = timer_read32() + OLED_TIMEOUT;
#endif
#if OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT > 0
    oled_scroll_timeout = timer_read32() + OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT;
#endif

    oled_clear();
    oled_initialized = true;
    oled_active      = true;
    oled_scrolling   = false;
    return true;
}

__attribute__((weak)) oled_rotation_t oled_init_user(oled_rotation_t rotation) { return rotation; }

void oled_clear(void) {
    memset(oled_buffer, 0, sizeof(oled_buffer));
    oled_cursor = &oled_buffer[0];
    oled_dirty  = -1;  // -1 will be max value as long as display_dirty is unsigned type
}

static void calc_bounds(uint8_t update_start, uint8_t *cmd_array) {
    // Calculate commands to set memory addressing bounds.
    uint8_t start_page   = OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start / OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH;
    uint8_t start_column = OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start % OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH;
#if (OLED_IC == OLED_IC_SH1106)
    // Commands for Page Addressing Mode. Sets starting page and column; has no end bound.
    // Column value must be split into high and low nybble and sent as two commands.
    cmd_array[0] = PAM_PAGE_ADDR | start_page;
    cmd_array[1] = PAM_SETCOLUMN_LSB | ((OLED_COLUMN_OFFSET + start_column) & 0x0f);
    cmd_array[2] = PAM_SETCOLUMN_MSB | ((OLED_COLUMN_OFFSET + start_column) >> 4 & 0x0f);
    cmd_array[3] = NOP;
    cmd_array[4] = NOP;
    cmd_array[5] = NOP;
#else
    // Commands for use in Horizontal Addressing mode.
    cmd_array[1] = start_column;
    cmd_array[4] = start_page;
    cmd_array[2] = (OLED_BLOCK_SIZE + OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1) % OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH + cmd_array[1];
    cmd_array[5] = (OLED_BLOCK_SIZE + OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1) / OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1;
#endif
}

static void calc_bounds_90(uint8_t update_start, uint8_t *cmd_array) {
    cmd_array[1] = OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start / OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT * 8;
    cmd_array[4] = OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start % OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
    cmd_array[2] = (OLED_BLOCK_SIZE + OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1) / OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT * 8 - 1 + cmd_array[1];
    ;
    cmd_array[5] = (OLED_BLOCK_SIZE + OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1) % OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 8;
}

uint8_t crot(uint8_t a, int8_t n) {
    const uint8_t mask = 0x7;
    n &= mask;
    return a << n | a >> (-n & mask);
}

static void rotate_90(const uint8_t *src, uint8_t *dest) {
    for (uint8_t i = 0, shift = 7; i < 8; ++i, --shift) {
        uint8_t selector = (1 << i);
        for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; ++j) {
            dest[i] |= crot(src[j] & selector, shift - (int8_t)j);
        }
    }
}

void oled_render(void) {
    // Do we have work to do?
    if (!oled_dirty || oled_scrolling) {
        return;
    }

    // Find first dirty block
    uint8_t update_start = 0;
    while (!(oled_dirty & (1 << update_start))) {
        ++update_start;
    }

    // Set column & page position
    static uint8_t display_start[] = {I2C_CMD, COLUMN_ADDR, 0, OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1, PAGE_ADDR, 0, OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 8 - 1};
    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_90)) {
        calc_bounds(update_start, &display_start[1]);  // Offset from I2C_CMD byte at the start
    } else {
        calc_bounds_90(update_start, &display_start[1]);  // Offset from I2C_CMD byte at the start
    }

    // Send column & page position
    if (I2C_TRANSMIT(display_start) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        print("oled_render offset command failed\n");
        return;
    }

    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_90)) {
        // Send render data chunk as is
        if (I2C_WRITE_REG(I2C_DATA, &oled_buffer[OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start], OLED_BLOCK_SIZE) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_render data failed\n");
            return;
        }
    } else {
        // Rotate the render chunks
        const static uint8_t source_map[] = OLED_SOURCE_MAP;
        const static uint8_t target_map[] = OLED_TARGET_MAP;

        static uint8_t temp_buffer[OLED_BLOCK_SIZE];
        memset(temp_buffer, 0, sizeof(temp_buffer));
        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(source_map); ++i) {
            rotate_90(&oled_buffer[OLED_BLOCK_SIZE * update_start + source_map[i]], &temp_buffer[target_map[i]]);
        }

        // Send render data chunk after rotating
        if (I2C_WRITE_REG(I2C_DATA, &temp_buffer[0], OLED_BLOCK_SIZE) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_render90 data failed\n");
            return;
        }
    }

    // Turn on display if it is off
    oled_on();

    // Clear dirty flag
    oled_dirty &= ~(1 << update_start);
}

void oled_set_cursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t line) {
    uint16_t index = line * oled_rotation_width + col * OLED_FONT_WIDTH;

    // Out of bounds?
    if (index >= OLED_MATRIX_SIZE) {
        index = 0;
    }

    oled_cursor = &oled_buffer[index];
}

void oled_advance_page(bool clearPageRemainder) {
    uint16_t index     = oled_cursor - &oled_buffer[0];
    uint8_t  remaining = oled_rotation_width - (index % oled_rotation_width);

    if (clearPageRemainder) {
        // Remaining Char count
        remaining = remaining / OLED_FONT_WIDTH;

        // Write empty character until next line
        while (remaining--) oled_write_char(' ', false);
    } else {
        // Next page index out of bounds?
        if (index + remaining >= OLED_MATRIX_SIZE) {
            index     = 0;
            remaining = 0;
        }

        oled_cursor = &oled_buffer[index + remaining];
    }
}

void oled_advance_char(void) {
    uint16_t nextIndex      = oled_cursor - &oled_buffer[0] + OLED_FONT_WIDTH;
    uint8_t  remainingSpace = oled_rotation_width - (nextIndex % oled_rotation_width);

    // Do we have enough space on the current line for the next character
    if (remainingSpace < OLED_FONT_WIDTH) {
        nextIndex += remainingSpace;
    }

    // Did we go out of bounds
    if (nextIndex >= OLED_MATRIX_SIZE) {
        nextIndex = 0;
    }

    // Update cursor position
    oled_cursor = &oled_buffer[nextIndex];
}

// Main handler that writes character data to the display buffer
void oled_write_char(const char data, bool invert) {
    // Advance to the next line if newline
    if (data == '\n') {
        // Old source wrote ' ' until end of line...
        oled_advance_page(true);
        return;
    }

    if (data == '\r') {
        oled_advance_page(false);
        return;
    }

    // copy the current render buffer to check for dirty after
    static uint8_t oled_temp_buffer[OLED_FONT_WIDTH];
    memcpy(&oled_temp_buffer, oled_cursor, OLED_FONT_WIDTH);

    _Static_assert(sizeof(font) >= ((OLED_FONT_END + 1 - OLED_FONT_START) * OLED_FONT_WIDTH), "OLED_FONT_END references outside array");

    // set the reder buffer data
    uint8_t cast_data = (uint8_t)data;  // font based on unsigned type for index
    if (cast_data < OLED_FONT_START || cast_data > OLED_FONT_END) {
        memset(oled_cursor, 0x00, OLED_FONT_WIDTH);
    } else {
        const uint8_t *glyph = &font[(cast_data - OLED_FONT_START) * OLED_FONT_WIDTH];
        memcpy_P(oled_cursor, glyph, OLED_FONT_WIDTH);
    }

    // Invert if needed
    if (invert) {
        InvertCharacter(oled_cursor);
    }

    // Dirty check
    if (memcmp(&oled_temp_buffer, oled_cursor, OLED_FONT_WIDTH)) {
        uint16_t index = oled_cursor - &oled_buffer[0];
        oled_dirty |= (1 << (index / OLED_BLOCK_SIZE));
        // Edgecase check if the written data spans the 2 chunks
        oled_dirty |= (1 << ((index + OLED_FONT_WIDTH) / OLED_BLOCK_SIZE));
    }

    // Finally move to the next char
    oled_advance_char();
}

void oled_write(const char *data, bool invert) {
    const char *end = data + strlen(data);
    while (data < end) {
        oled_write_char(*data, invert);
        data++;
    }
}

void oled_write_ln(const char *data, bool invert) {
    oled_write(data, invert);
    oled_advance_page(true);
}

void oled_write_raw(const char *data, uint16_t size) {
    if (size > OLED_MATRIX_SIZE) size = OLED_MATRIX_SIZE;
    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (oled_buffer[i] == data[i]) continue;
        oled_buffer[i] = data[i];
        oled_dirty |= (1 << (i / OLED_BLOCK_SIZE));
    }
}

#if defined(__AVR__)
void oled_write_P(const char *data, bool invert) {
    uint8_t c = pgm_read_byte(data);
    while (c != 0) {
        oled_write_char(c, invert);
        c = pgm_read_byte(++data);
    }
}

void oled_write_ln_P(const char *data, bool invert) {
    oled_write_P(data, invert);
    oled_advance_page(true);
}

void oled_write_raw_P(const char *data, uint16_t size) {
    if (size > OLED_MATRIX_SIZE) size = OLED_MATRIX_SIZE;
    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        uint8_t c = pgm_read_byte(++data);
        if (oled_buffer[i] == c) continue;
        oled_buffer[i] = c;
        oled_dirty |= (1 << (i / OLED_BLOCK_SIZE));
    }
}
#endif  // defined(__AVR__)

bool oled_on(void) {
#if OLED_TIMEOUT > 0
    oled_timeout = timer_read32() + OLED_TIMEOUT;
#endif

    static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_on[] = {I2C_CMD, DISPLAY_ON};
    if (!oled_active) {
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_on) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_on cmd failed\n");
            return oled_active;
        }
        oled_active = true;
    }
    return oled_active;
}

bool oled_off(void) {
    static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_off[] = {I2C_CMD, DISPLAY_OFF};
    if (oled_active) {
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_off) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_off cmd failed\n");
            return oled_active;
        }
        oled_active = false;
    }
    return !oled_active;
}

bool oled_scroll_right(void) {
    // Dont enable scrolling if we need to update the display
    // This prevents scrolling of bad data from starting the scroll too early after init
    if (!oled_dirty && !oled_scrolling) {
        static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_scroll_right[] = {I2C_CMD, SCROLL_RIGHT, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x00, 0xFF, ACTIVATE_SCROLL};
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_scroll_right) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_scroll_right cmd failed\n");
            return oled_scrolling;
        }
        oled_scrolling = true;
    }
    return oled_scrolling;
}

bool oled_scroll_left(void) {
    // Dont enable scrolling if we need to update the display
    // This prevents scrolling of bad data from starting the scroll too early after init
    if (!oled_dirty && !oled_scrolling) {
        static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_scroll_left[] = {I2C_CMD, SCROLL_LEFT, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x00, 0xFF, ACTIVATE_SCROLL};
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_scroll_left) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_scroll_left cmd failed\n");
            return oled_scrolling;
        }
        oled_scrolling = true;
    }
    return oled_scrolling;
}

bool oled_scroll_off(void) {
    if (oled_scrolling) {
        static const uint8_t PROGMEM display_scroll_off[] = {I2C_CMD, DEACTIVATE_SCROLL};
        if (I2C_TRANSMIT_P(display_scroll_off) != I2C_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            print("oled_scroll_off cmd failed\n");
            return oled_scrolling;
        }
        oled_scrolling = false;
        oled_dirty     = -1;
    }
    return !oled_scrolling;
}

uint8_t oled_max_chars(void) {
    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_90)) {
        return OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH / OLED_FONT_WIDTH;
    }
    return OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / OLED_FONT_WIDTH;
}

uint8_t oled_max_lines(void) {
    if (!HAS_FLAGS(oled_rotation, OLED_ROTATION_90)) {
        return OLED_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / OLED_FONT_HEIGHT;
    }
    return OLED_DISPLAY_WIDTH / OLED_FONT_HEIGHT;
}

void oled_task(void) {
    if (!oled_initialized) {
        return;
    }

    oled_set_cursor(0, 0);

    oled_task_user();

#if OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT > 0
    if (oled_dirty && oled_scrolling) {
        oled_scroll_timeout = timer_read32() + OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT;
        oled_scroll_off();
    }
#endif

    // Smart render system, no need to check for dirty
    oled_render();

    // Display timeout check
#if OLED_TIMEOUT > 0
    if (oled_active && timer_expired32(timer_read32(), oled_timeout)) {
        oled_off();
    }
#endif

#if OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT > 0
    if (!oled_scrolling && timer_expired32(timer_read32(), oled_scroll_timeout)) {
#    ifdef OLED_SCROLL_TIMEOUT_RIGHT
        oled_scroll_right();
#    else
        oled_scroll_left();
#    endif
    }
#endif
}

__attribute__((weak)) void oled_task_user(void) {}