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data-v-b8d55f3b>Setup</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_building_firmware" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Building Your First Firmware</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_flashing" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Flashing Firmware</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/support" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Getting Help/Support</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_external_userspace" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>External Userspace</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_learn_more_resources" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Other Resources</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/syllabus" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Syllabus</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-575e6a36><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-575e6a36 data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>FAQs</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/faq_general" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>General FAQ</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/faq_build" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Build/Compile QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/faq_misc" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Troubleshooting QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/faq_debug" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Debugging QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/faq_keymap" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Keymap FAQ</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/squeezing_avr" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Squeezing Space from AVR</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/reference_glossary" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Glossary</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-575e6a36><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-575e6a36 data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Configurator</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_building_firmware_configurator" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/configurator_step_by_step" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Step by Step</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/configurator_troubleshooting" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Troubleshooting</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/configurator_architecture" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Architecture</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>QMK API</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/api_overview" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/api_docs" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>API Documentation</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/reference_configurator_support" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Keyboard Support</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/configurator_default_keymaps" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Adding Default Keymaps</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-575e6a36><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-575e6a36 data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>CLI</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/cli" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/cli_configuration" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Configuration</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/cli_commands" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Commands</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/cli_tab_complete" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Tab Completion</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-575e6a36><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 has-active" data-v-575e6a36 data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Using QMK</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Guides</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/custom_quantum_functions" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Customizing Functionality</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/driver_installation_zadig" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Driver Installation with Zadig</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/keymap" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Keymap Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Development Environments</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/getting_started_docker" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Docker Guide</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/flashing" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Flashing</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>IDEs</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/other_eclipse" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Using Eclipse with QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/other_vscode" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Using VSCode with QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Git Best Practices</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_git_best_practices" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Introduction</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_git_using_your_master_branch" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Your Fork</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_git_resolving_merge_conflicts" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Merge Conflicts</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/newbs_git_resynchronize_a_branch" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Fixing Your Branch</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Simple Keycodes</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/keycodes" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Full List</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/keycodes_basic" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Basic Keycodes</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/reference_keymap_extras" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Language-Specific Keycodes</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_advanced_keycodes" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Modifier Keys</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/quantum_keycodes" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Quantum Keycodes</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/keycodes_magic" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Magic Keycodes</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Advanced Keycodes</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/command" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Command</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/dynamic_macros" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Dynamic Macros</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/grave_esc" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Grave Escape</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/leader_key" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Leader Key</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/mod_tap" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Mod-Tap</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_macros" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Macros</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/mouse_keys" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Mouse Keys</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/programmable_button" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Programmable Button</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/repeat_key" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Repeat Key</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/space_cadet" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Space Cadet Shift</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/keycodes_us_ansi_shifted" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>US ANSI Shifted Keys</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Software Features</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/auto_shift" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Auto Shift</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/autocorrect" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Autocorrect</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/caps_word" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Caps Word</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/combo" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Combos</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_debounce_type" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Debounce API</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/digitizer" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Digitizer</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_eeprom" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>EEPROM</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/key_lock" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Key Lock</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/key_overrides" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Key Overrides</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_layers" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Layers</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/one_shot_keys" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>One Shot Keys</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/os_detection" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>OS Detection</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/rawhid" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Raw HID</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/secure" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Secure</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/send_string" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Send String</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/sequencer" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Sequencer</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/swap_hands" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Swap Hands</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/tap_dance" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Tap Dance</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/tap_hold" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Tap-Hold Configuration</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/tri_layer" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Tri Layer</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/unicode" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Unicode</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_userspace" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Userspace</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/wpm" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>WPM Calculation</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Hardware Features</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Displays</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/quantum_painter" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><h5 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Quantum Painter</h5><!--]--></a><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-4 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/quantum_painter_lvgl" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Quantum Painter LVGL Integration</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/hd44780" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>HD44780 LCD Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/st7565" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>ST7565 LCD Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/oled_driver" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>OLED Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Lighting</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/backlight" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Backlight</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/led_matrix" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>LED Matrix</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/rgblight" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>RGB Lighting</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/rgb_matrix" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>RGB Matrix</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/audio" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Audio</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/bluetooth" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Bluetooth</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/bootmagic" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Bootmagic</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_converters" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Converters</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/custom_matrix" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Custom Matrix</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/dip_switch" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>DIP Switch</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/encoders" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Encoders</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/haptic_feedback" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Haptic Feedback</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/joystick" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Joystick</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/led_indicators" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>LED Indicators</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/midi" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>MIDI</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/pointing_device" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Pointing Device</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/ps2_mouse" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>PS/2 Mouse</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/split_keyboard" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Split Keyboard</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/features/stenography" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Stenography</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1 has-active" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Keyboard Building</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/easy_maker" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Easy Maker for One Offs</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/porting_your_keyboard_to_qmk" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Porting Keyboards</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/hand_wire" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Hand Wiring Guide</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/isp_flashing_guide" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>ISP Flashing Guide</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-575e6a36><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-575e6a36 data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Developing QMK</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/pr_checklist" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>PR Checklist</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Breaking Changes</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/breaking_changes" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/breaking_changes_instructions" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>My Pull Request Was Flagged</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/ChangeLog/20240825" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Most Recent ChangeLog</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/breaking_changes_history" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Past Breaking Changes</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/support_deprecation_policy" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Deprecation Policy</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>C Development</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/arm_debugging" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>ARM Debugging Guide</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/coding_conventions_c" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Coding Conventions</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/compatible_microcontrollers" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Compatible Microcontrollers</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/hardware_drivers" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Drivers</h4><!--]--></a><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/adc" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>ADC Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/apa102" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>APA102 Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/audio" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Audio Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/eeprom" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>EEPROM Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/flash" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Flash Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/i2c" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>I2C Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/serial" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>'serial' Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/spi" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>SPI Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/uart" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>UART Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/ws2812" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>WS2812 Driver</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/drivers/gpio" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>GPIO Controls</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/hardware_keyboard_guidelines" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Keyboard Guidelines</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Python Development</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/coding_conventions_python" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Coding Conventions</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/cli_development" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>QMK CLI Development</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Configurator Development</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>QMK API</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/api_development_environment" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Development Environment</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/api_development_overview" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Architecture Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Hardware Platform Development</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><section class="VPSidebarItem level-2" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h4 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Arm/ChibiOS</h4><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/platformdev_selecting_arm_mcu" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Selecting an MCU</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/platformdev_chibios_earlyinit" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Early initialization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/platformdev_rp2040" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Raspberry Pi RP2040</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/platformdev_proton_c" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Proton C</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-3 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/platformdev_blackpill_f4x1" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>WeAct Blackpill F4x1</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>QMK Reference</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/contributing" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Contributing to QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/config_options" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Config Options</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/data_driven_config" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Data Driven Configuration</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/getting_started_make_guide" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Make Documentation</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/documentation_best_practices" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Documentation Best Practices</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/documentation_templates" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Documentation Templates</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/feature_layouts" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Community Layouts</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/unit_testing" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Unit Testing</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/ref_functions" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Useful Functions</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/reference_info_json" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>info.json Format</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><section class="VPSidebarItem level-1" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><h3 class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>For a Deeper Understanding</h3><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/how_keyboards_work" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>How Keyboards Work</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/how_a_matrix_works" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>How a Matrix Works</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-2 is-link" data-v-b8d55f3b data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="item" data-v-b8d55f3b><div class="indicator" data-v-b8d55f3b></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/understanding_qmk" data-v-b8d55f3b><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b8d55f3b>Understanding QMK</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section><!--]--></div></section></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><div class="VPDocAsideOutline" role="navigation" data-v-3f215769 data-v-935f8a84><div class="content" data-v-935f8a84><div class="outline-marker" data-v-935f8a84></div><div class="outline-title" role="heading" aria-level="2" data-v-935f8a84>On this page</div><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-935f8a84><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-935f8a84> Table of Contents for current page </span><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-935f8a84 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></nav></div></div><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3f215769></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="content-container" data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-39a288b8><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _hand_wire" data-v-39a288b8><div><h1 id="hand-wiring-guide" tabindex="-1">Hand-Wiring Guide <a class="header-anchor" href="#hand-wiring-guide" aria-label="Permalink to "Hand-Wiring Guide""></a></h1><h2 id="parts-list" tabindex="-1">Parts list <a class="header-anchor" href="#parts-list" aria-label="Permalink to "Parts list""></a></h2><p>You will need: (where <em>x</em> is the number of keys on your planned keyboard)</p><ul><li>QMK compatible microcontroller board (Teensy, Pro-Micro, QMK Proton C etc.)</li><li><em>x</em> keyswitches (MX, Matias, Gateron, etc)</li><li><em>x</em> through hole diodes</li><li>Keyboard plate and plate mount stabilisers</li><li>Wire</li><li>Soldering iron</li><li>Rosin-cored solder</li><li>Adequate ventilation/a fan</li><li>Wire cutters/snippers</li></ul><p>Optional but useful:</p><ul><li>Wire strippers/a sharp knife</li><li>Tweezers and/or small needle nose pliers</li><li>Soldering station/Helping hands</li></ul><h2 id="starting-the-build" tabindex="-1">Starting the build <a class="header-anchor" href="#starting-the-build" aria-label="Permalink to "Starting the build""></a></h2><p>There are many ways to hand wire a PCB matrix, this guide will describe the fundamentals as well as some recommended ways to go about it.</p><p>As we are dealing with hand wiring, it is assumed that you already have a plate. If you are planning a completely custom layout, tools such as <a href="https://kbplate.ai03.me/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">ai03 Plate Generator</a> and <a href="http://builder.swillkb.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Swillkb Plate & Case Builder</a> can help when designing one.</p><p>Start by installing the switches and stabilisers in the plate. Depending on the thickness and material this may also involve hot gluing it in place.</p><h2 id="planning-the-matrix" tabindex="-1">Planning the matrix <a class="header-anchor" href="#planning-the-matrix" aria-label="Permalink to "Planning the matrix""></a></h2><p>If you are following a pre-existing handwire guide (e.g. for the keyboards in the <a href="https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware/tree/master/keyboards/handwired" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">handwire firmware section</a> you can skip this step, just ensure you wire the matrix as described.</p><p>What you want to achieve is one leg from each switch being attached to the corresponding switches next to it (rows) and the other leg being attached to the switches above and below it (columns) and a diode to one of the legs, mosy commonly this will be the leg attached to the rows, and the diode will face away from it (Column to Row) i.e. with the wire furthest from the black line on the diode connected to the switch (as current will only travel in one direction through a diode).</p><p>It is fairly simple to plan for an ortholinear keyboard (like a Planck).</p><p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/FRShcLD.png" alt="Example Planck matrix"> Image from <a href="https://blog.roastpotatoes.co/guide/2015/11/04/how-to-handwire-a-planck/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">RoastPotatoes' "How to hand wire a Planck"</a></p><p>But the larger and more complicated your keyboard, the more complex the matrix. <a href="https://kbfirmware.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Firmware Builder</a> can help you plan your matrix layout (shown here with a basic fullsize ISO keyboard imported from <a href="https://www.keyboard-layout-editor.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Layout Editor</a>.</p><p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/UlJ4ZDP.png" alt="Example ISO matrix"></p><p>Bear in mind that the number of rows plus the number of columns can not exceed the number of I/O pins on your controller. So the fullsize matrix shown above would be possible on a Proton C or Teensy++, but not on a regular Teensy or Pro Micro.</p><h3 id="common-microcontroller-boards" tabindex="-1">Common Microcontroller Boards <a class="header-anchor" href="#common-microcontroller-boards" aria-label="Permalink to "Common Microcontroller Boards""></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Board</th><th style="text-align:center;">Controller</th><th style="text-align:right;"># I/O</th><th>Pinout</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Pro Micro*</td><td style="text-align:center;">ATmega32u4</td><td style="text-align:right;">20</td><td><a href="https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/pro-micro--fio-v3-hookup-guide/hardware-overview-pro-micro#Teensy++_2.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">link</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Teensy 2.0</td><td style="text-align:center;">ATmega32u4</td><td style="text-align:right;">25</td><td><a href="https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/pinout.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">link</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://qmk.fm/proton-c/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">QMK Proton C</a></td><td style="text-align:center;">STM32F303xC</td><td style="text-align:right;">36</td><td><a href="https://i.imgur.com/RhtrAlc.png" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">link 1</a>, <a href="https://deskthority.net/wiki/QMK_Proton_C" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">2</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Teensy++ 2.0</td><td style="text-align:center;">AT90USB1286</td><td style="text-align:right;">46</td><td><a href="https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/pinout.html#Teensy_2.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">link</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p>*Elite C is essentially the same as a Pro Micro with a USB-C instead of Micro-USB</p><p>There are also a number of boards designed specifically for handwiring that mount directly to a small number of switches and offer pinouts for the rest. Though these are generally more expensive and may be more difficult to get hold of.</p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/QiA3ta6.jpg" alt="Postage board mini mounted in place" width="500"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Board</th><th style="text-align:center;">Controller</th><th style="text-align:right;"># I/O</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/8jg5d6/hand_wiring_this_might_help/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Swiss helper</a></td><td style="text-align:center;">ATmega32u4</td><td style="text-align:right;">20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://github.com/LifeIsOnTheWire/Postage-Board/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Postage board</a></td><td style="text-align:center;">ATmega32u4</td><td style="text-align:right;">25</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=101460.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Postage board mini</a></td><td style="text-align:center;">ATmega32u4</td><td style="text-align:right;">25</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="wiring-the-matrix" tabindex="-1">Wiring the matrix <a class="header-anchor" href="#wiring-the-matrix" aria-label="Permalink to "Wiring the matrix""></a></h2><p>There is no one right way to do this. What you want to achieve is good connection at all of the joints planned and no unintentional shorts.</p><p>Established materials and techniques include:</p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Technique</th><th style="text-align:left;">Examples</th><th style="text-align:left;">Pros</th><th style="text-align:left;">Cons</th><th style="text-align:left;">Image</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Lengths of wire with stripped segments</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://medium.com/@sachee/building-my-first-keyboard-and-you-can-too-512c0f8a4c5f" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Sasha Solomon's Dactyl</a> and <a href="https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=87689.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Cribbit's modern hand wire</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Neat and tidy</td><td style="text-align:left;">Some effort in stripping the wire</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/0GNIYY0.jpg" alt="Stripped wire"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Short lengths of wire</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/c39k4f/my_first_hand_wired_keyboard_its_not_perfect_but/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">u/xicolinguada's ortho build</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Easier to strip the wire</td><td style="text-align:left;">More difficult to place</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/mBe5vkL.jpg" alt="individual wire lengths"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Magnet/Enamelled wire</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=74223.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">fknraiden's custom board</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Can be directly soldered onto (insulation burns off with heat)</td><td style="text-align:left;">Appearance?</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/b4b7KDb.jpg" alt="Magnet wire"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Bending the legs of the diodes for the rows</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://deskthority.net/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=6050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Matt3o's Brownfox</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Fewer solder joints required</td><td style="text-align:left;">Uninsulated</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/aTnG8TV.jpg" alt="Bent diode legs"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Using rigid wiring (e.g. brass tube)</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/8aw5j2/invisible_hardline_keyboard_progress_update_april/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">u/d_stilgar's invisible hardline</a> and <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/de1jyv/my_first_attempt_at_handwiring_a_keyboard/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">u/jonasfasler's first attempt</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Very pretty</td><td style="text-align:left;">More difficult. No physical insulation</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/CnASmPo.jpg" alt="Hardline hand wire"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Bare wire with insulation added after (e.g. kapton tape)</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://matt3o.com/hand-wiring-a-custom-keyboard/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Matt3o's 65% on his website</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Easier (no wire stripping required)</td><td style="text-align:left;">Not as attractive</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/AvXZShD.jpg" alt="Bare wire"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">Copper tape</td><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://github.com/tshort/dactyl-keyboard" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">ManuForm Dactyl</a></td><td style="text-align:left;">Very easy</td><td style="text-align:left;">Only really works when your plate/case aligns with the bottom of your switches</td><td style="text-align:left;"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/RFyNMlL.jpg" alt="Copper tape"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Note that these methods can be combined. Prepare your lengths of wire before moving on to soldering.</p><h3 id="a-note-on-split-keyboards" tabindex="-1">A note on split keyboards <a class="header-anchor" href="#a-note-on-split-keyboards" aria-label="Permalink to "A note on split keyboards""></a></h3><p>If you are planning a split keyboard (e.g. Dactyl) each half will require a controller and a means of communicating between them (like a TRRS or hardwired cable). Further information can be found in the <a href="./features/split_keyboard">QMK split keyboard documentation.</a></p><h3 id="soldering" tabindex="-1">Soldering <a class="header-anchor" href="#soldering" aria-label="Permalink to "Soldering""></a></h3><p>There are a lot of soldering guides and tips available elsewhere but here are some of the most useful and relevant for hand wiring:</p><p>To ensure a strong solder joint you want a good amount of contact between the solder and the two pieces of metal you are connecting. A good way of doing this (though not required) is looping around pins or twisting wires together before applying solder.</p><p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/eHJjmnU.jpg" alt="Looped around rod" width="200"> <img src="https://i.imgur.com/8nbxmmr.jpg?1" alt="Looped diode leg" width="200"></p><p>If your diodes are on a packaging strip and need a bend in them (either the start of a loop or for connecting to its neighbour) this can easily done by bending it over something straight like the edge of a box, table, or ruler. This also helps keep track of the direction of the diode as all the bends will be on the same side.</p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/oITudbX.jpg" alt="Bent diode legs" width="200"><p>If your iron has temperature control, set it to 315ºC (600ºF).</p><p>Once heated, tin your soldering iron - this means melting a small amount of solder on the end of the iron and then quickly wiping it off on a wet sponge or wire cleaning pad, leaving a shiny silvery coating on the end which helps keep oxidisation at bay and helps solder to flow.</p><p>When you come to apply the solder, hold the soldering iron against the two surfaces for a second to heat it, then apply a small amount of solder to join the two pieces together. Heating the surfaces ensures that the solder adheres to it and that it does not cool too quickly.</p><p>Don't hold the iron on the solder/joint longer than necessary. Heat will be conducted through the surfaces and can damage components (melt switch housings etc.). Also, solder contains flux, which aids in <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetting" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">"wetting"</a>. The longer heat is applied to the solder the more flux will evaporate meaning you may end up with a bad solder joint with peaks which, apart from looking bad, may also increase the risk of electrical shorts.</p><h4 id="soldering-the-diodes" tabindex="-1">Soldering the Diodes <a class="header-anchor" href="#soldering-the-diodes" aria-label="Permalink to "Soldering the Diodes""></a></h4><p>Starting at the top-left switch, place the diode (with tweezers if you have them) on the switch so that the diode itself is vertically aligned, and the black line is facing toward you. Make sure the diodes are soldered in parallel (diode outputs shouldn't connect to diode inputs). The input lead of the diode should be touching the left contact on the switch, and the bent, output end should be facing to the right and resting on the switch there, like this:</p><p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/noroadsleft/qmk_images/master/docs/hand_wire/soldering-diodes-01.png" alt="soldering-diodes-01.png"></p><p>Letting the diode rest, grab your solder, and touch both it and the soldering iron to the left contact at the same time - the rosin in the solder should make it easy for the solder to flow over both the diode and the keyswitch contact. The diode may move a little, and if it does, carefully position it back it place by grabbing the bent end of the diode - the other end will become hot very quickly. If you find that it's moving too much, using needle-nose pliers of some sort may help to keep the diode still when soldering.</p><p>The smoke that the rosin releases is harmful, so be careful not to breath it or get it in your eyes/face.</p><p>After soldering things in place, it may be helpful to blow on the joint to push the smoke away from your face, and cool the solder quicker. You should see the solder develop a matte (not shiny) surface as it solidifies. Keep in mind that it will still be very hot afterwards, and will take a couple minutes to be cool to touch. Blowing on it will accelerate this process.</p><p>When the first diode is complete, the next one will need to be soldered to both the keyswitch, and the previous diode at the new elbow. That will look something like this:</p><p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/noroadsleft/qmk_images/master/docs/hand_wire/soldering-diodes-02.png" alt="soldering-diodes-02.png"></p><p>After completing a row, use the wire cutters to trim the excess wire from the tops of the diodes, and from the right side on the final switch. This process will need to completed for each row you have.</p><p>When all of the diodes are completely soldered, it's a good idea to quickly inspect each one to ensure that your solder joints are solid and sturdy - repairing things after this is possible, but more difficult.</p><h4 id="soldering-the-columns" tabindex="-1">Soldering the Columns <a class="header-anchor" href="#soldering-the-columns" aria-label="Permalink to "Soldering the Columns""></a></h4><p>You'll have some options in the next process - it's a good idea to insulate the column wires (since the diodes aren't), but if you're careful enough, you can use exposed wires for the columns - it's not recommended, though. If you're using single-cored wire, stripping the plastic off of the whole wire and feeding it back on is probably the best option, but can be difficult depending on the size and materials. You'll want to leave parts of the wire exposed where you're going to be solder it onto the keyswitch.</p><p>If you're using stranded wire, it's probably easiest to just use a lot of small wires to connect each keyswitch along the column. It's possible to use one and melt through the insulation, but this isn't recommended, will produce even more harmful fumes, and can ruin your soldering iron.</p><p>Before beginning to solder, it helps to have your wire pre-bent (if using single-cored), or at least have an idea of how you're going to route the column (especially if you're making a staggered board). Where you go in particular doesn't matter too much, as we'll be basing our keymap definitions on how it was wired - just make sure every key in a particular row is in a unique column, and that they're in order from left to right.</p><p>If you're not using any insulation, you can try to keep the column wires elevated, and solder them near the tips of the keyswitch contacts - if the wires are sturdy enough, they won't short out to the row wiring an diodes.</p><h2 id="wiring-up-the-controller" tabindex="-1">Wiring up the controller <a class="header-anchor" href="#wiring-up-the-controller" aria-label="Permalink to "Wiring up the controller""></a></h2><p>Now that the matrix itself is complete, it's time to connect what you've done to the microcontroller board.</p><p>Place the microcontroller where you want it to be located, give thought to mounting and case alignment. Bear in mind that the location of the USB socket can be different from the controller by using a short male to female cable if required,.</p><p>Find the pinout/documentation for your microcontroller board (<a href="#common-microcontroller-boards">links here</a>) and make a note of all the digital I/O pins on it (note that on some controllers, like the teensy, analogue I/O can double as digital) as these are the pins you want to connect your wires to.</p><hr><h3 id="specific-instructions-for-the-teensy-2-0" tabindex="-1">Specific instructions for the Teensy 2.0 <a class="header-anchor" href="#specific-instructions-for-the-teensy-2-0" aria-label="Permalink to "Specific instructions for the Teensy 2.0""></a></h3><p>There are some pins on the Teensy that are special, like D6 (the LED on the chip), or some of the UART, SPI, I2C, or PWM channels, but only avoid those if you're planning something in addition to a keyboard. If you're unsure about wanting to add something later, you should have enough pins in total to avoid a couple.</p><p>The pins you'll absolutely have to avoid, as with any controller, are: GND, VCC, AREF, and RST - all the others are usable and accessible in the firmware.</p><hr><p>Cut wires to the length of the distance from the a point on each column/row to the controller. You can solder anywhere along the row, as long as it's after the diode - soldering before the diode (on the keyswitch side) will cause that row not to work.</p><p>Ribbon cable can be used to keep this extra tidy. You may also want to consider routing the wires beneath the exisiting columns/rows.</p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/z2QlKfB.jpg" alt="Ribbon Cable" width="350"><p>As you solder the wires to the controller make a note of which row/column is going to which pin on the controller as we'll use this data to setup the matrix when we create the firmware.</p><p>As you move along, be sure that the controller is staying in place - recutting and soldering the wires is a pain!</p><h2 id="getting-some-basic-firmware-set-up" tabindex="-1">Getting Some Basic Firmware Set Up <a class="header-anchor" href="#getting-some-basic-firmware-set-up" aria-label="Permalink to "Getting Some Basic Firmware Set Up""></a></h2><p>From here, you should have a working keyboard once you program a firmware.</p><p>Simple firmware can be created easily using the <a href="https://kbfirmware.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Firmware Builder</a> website. Recreate your layout using <a href="https://www.keyboard-layout-editor.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Layout Editor</a>, import it and recreate the matrix (if not already done as part of <a href="#planning-the-matrix">planning the matrix</a>).</p><p>Go through the rest of the tabs, assigning keys until you get to the last one where you can compile and download your firmware. The .hex file can be flashed straight onto your keyboard, or for advanced functionality, compiled locally after <a href="./newbs_getting_started">Setting up Your Environment</a>.</p><p>The source given by Keyboard Firmware Builder is QMK, but is based on a version of QMK from early 2017. To compile the firmware in a modern version of QMK Firmware, you'll need to export via the <code>Save Configuration</code> button, then run:</p><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>qmk import-kbfirmware /path/to/export.json</span></span></code></pre></div><p>For example:</p><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>$ qmk import-kbfirmware ~/Downloads/gh62.json </span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span>Ψ Importing gh62.json.</span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span></span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span>⚠ Support here is basic - Consider using 'qmk new-keyboard' instead</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span>Ψ Imported a new keyboard named gh62.</span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span>Ψ To start working on things, `cd` into keyboards/gh62,</span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span>Ψ or open the directory in your preferred text editor.</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span>Ψ And build with qmk compile -kb gh62 -km default.</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="flashing-the-firmware" tabindex="-1">Flashing the Firmware <a class="header-anchor" href="#flashing-the-firmware" aria-label="Permalink to "Flashing the Firmware""></a></h2><p>Install <a href="https://github.com/qmk/qmk_toolbox" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">QMK Toolbox</a>.</p><p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/noroadsleft/qmk_images/master/docs/hand_wire/qmk_toolbox.png" alt="QMK Toolbox" title="QMK Toolbox 0.0.16 on Windows 8.1"></p><p>Under "Local File" navigate to your newly created .hex file. Under "Microcontroller", select the corresponding one for your controller board (common ones available <a href="#common-microcontroller-boards">here</a>).</p><p>Plug in your keyboard and press the reset button (or short the Reset and Ground pins if there is no button) and click the "Flash" button in QMK toolbox.</p><h2 id="testing-your-firmware" tabindex="-1">Testing Your Firmware <a class="header-anchor" href="#testing-your-firmware" aria-label="Permalink to "Testing Your Firmware""></a></h2><p>Use a website such as <a href="https://config.qmk.fm/#/test" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">QMK Configurator's Keyboard Tester</a>, <a href="https://www.keyboardtester.com/tester.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Tester</a>, or <a href="https://keyboardchecker.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Keyboard Checker</a> or just open a text editor and try typing - you should get the characters that you put into your keymap. Test each key, and make a note of the ones that aren't working. Here's a quick trouble-shooting guide for non-working keys:</p><ol><li>Flip the keyboard back over and short the keyswitch's contacts with a piece wire - this will eliminate the possibility of the keyswitch being bad and needing to be replaced.</li><li>Check the solder points on the keyswitch - these need to be plump and whole. If you touch it with a moderate amount of force and it comes apart, it's not strong enough.</li><li>Check the solder joints on the diode - if the diode is loose, part of your row may register, while the other may not.</li><li>Check the solder joints on the columns - if your column wiring is loose, part or all of the column may not work.</li><li>Check the solder joints on both sides of the wires going to/from the Teensy - the wires need to be fully soldered and connect to both sides.</li><li>Check the <code><project_name>.h</code> file for errors and incorrectly placed <code>KC_NO</code>s - if you're unsure where they should be, instead duplicate a k<em>xy</em> variable.</li><li>Check to make sure you actually compiled the firmware and flashed the Teensy correctly. Unless you got error messages in the terminal, or a pop-up during flashing, you probably did everything correctly.</li><li>Use a multimeter to check that the switch is actually closing when actuated (completing the circuit when pressed down).</li></ol><p>If you've done all of these things, keep in mind that sometimes you might have had multiple things affecting the keyswitch, so it doesn't hurt to test the keyswitch by shorting it out at the end.</p><h2 id="finishing-up" tabindex="-1">Finishing up <a class="header-anchor" href="#finishing-up" aria-label="Permalink to "Finishing up""></a></h2><p>Once you have confirmed that the keyboard is working, if you have used a seperate (non handwire specific) controller you will want to secure it in place. This can be done in many different ways e.g. hot glue, double sided sticky tape, 3D printed caddy, electrical tape.</p><p>If you found this fullfilling you could experiment by adding additional features such as <a href="https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=94258.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">in switch LEDs</a>, <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/5s1l5u/photoskeyboard_science_i_made_a_handwired_rgb/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">in switch RGB</a>, <a href="https://medium.com/@DavidNZ/hand-wired-custom-keyboard-cdd14429c7b3#.7a1ovebsk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">RGB underglow</a> or even an <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/olkb/comments/5zy7og/adding_ssd1306_oled_display_to_your_build/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">OLED display!</a></p><p>There are a lot of possibilities inside the firmware - explore <a href="https://docs.qmk.fm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">docs.qmk.fm</a> for a full feature list, and dive into the different keyboards to see how people use all of them. You can always stop by <a href="https://reddit.com/r/olkb" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the OLKB subreddit</a> or <a href="https://discord.gg/qmk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">QMK Discord</a> for help!</p><h2 id="links-to-other-guides" tabindex="-1">Links to Other Guides <a class="header-anchor" href="#links-to-other-guides" aria-label="Permalink to "Links to Other Guides""></a></h2><ul><li><a href="https://deskthority.net/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=6050" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">matt3o's step by step guide (BrownFox build)</a> also his <a href="https://matt3o.com/hand-wiring-a-custom-keyboard/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">website</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVzpsjFWPP4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">video guide</a></li><li><a href="https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=87689.0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Cribbit's "Modern hand wiring guide - stronger, cleaner, easier"</a></li><li><a href="https://medium.com/@sachee/building-my-first-keyboard-and-you-can-too-512c0f8a4c5f" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Sasha Solomon's "Building my first Keyboard"</a></li><li><a href="https://blog.roastpotatoes.co/guide/2015/11/04/how-to-handwire-a-planck/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">RoastPotatoes' "How to hand wire a Planck"</a></li><li><a href="https://www.masterzen.fr/2018/12/16/handwired-keyboard-build-log-part-1/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Masterzen's "Handwired keyboard build log"</a></li></ul><h1 id="legacy-content" tabindex="-1">Legacy Content <a class="header-anchor" href="#legacy-content" aria-label="Permalink to "Legacy Content""></a></h1><p>This page used to include more content. We have moved a section that used to be part of this page its own page. Everything below this point is simply a redirect so that people following old links on the web find what they're looking for.</p><h2 id="preamble-how-a-keyboard-matrix-works-and-why-we-need-diodes" tabindex="-1">Preamble: How a Keyboard Matrix Works (and why we need diodes) <a class="header-anchor" href="#preamble-how-a-keyboard-matrix-works-and-why-we-need-diodes" aria-label="Permalink to "Preamble: How a Keyboard Matrix Works (and why we need diodes) {#preamble-how-a-keyboard-matrix-works-and-why-we-need-diodes}""></a></h2><ul><li><a href="./how_a_matrix_works">How a Keyboard Matrix Works</a></li></ul></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-09de1c0f><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" data-v-09de1c0f><div class="pager" data-v-09de1c0f><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/porting_your_keyboard_to_qmk" data-v-09de1c0f><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-09de1c0f>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-09de1c0f>Porting Keyboards</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-09de1c0f><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/isp_flashing_guide" data-v-09de1c0f><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-09de1c0f>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-09de1c0f>ISP Flashing Guide</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
|
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